中空玻璃設備在壽命周期內，無論在使用還是閑置，由于力的作用，其形態上會產生變化而逐漸損壞，中空玻璃設備物質形態的這種逐漸變化造成的損耗，稱為有形磨損。有形磨損根據產生的原因可分為使用磨損和自然磨損兩種。
During the life cycle of insulating glass equipment, whether in use or idle, its form will change and gradually damage due to the action of force. The loss caused by this gradual change of material form of insulating glass equipment is called tangible wear. Physical wear can be divided into use wear and natural wear according to the causes.
中空玻璃設備在運行過程中，由于輸入能量而運轉，產生摩擦、振動、疲勞，致使相對運動的零部件實體產生磨損，這種有形磨損即稱為使用磨損。使用磨損結果的一般表現為：設備零部件尺寸、幾何形狀改變，設備零部件之間公差配合性質改變，導致工作精度和性能下降，性能劣化、不能滿足工藝要求，造成操作、使用、維修、管理等費用的增加，甚至零部件損壞，引起相關其他零部件損壞而導致事故。影響使用磨損發展程度的主要因素有：設備的質量、負荷程度、操作工人的技術水平、工作環境、維修質量與周期等。
During the operation of insulating glass equipment, due to the input of energy, friction, vibration and fatigue occur, resulting in the wear of relatively moving parts and components. This kind of tangible wear is called service wear. The general performance of using wear results is: the size and geometric shape of equipment parts are changed, and the tolerance fit between equipment parts is changed, resulting in the decline of working accuracy and performance, performance degradation, failure to meet the process requirements, resulting in the increase of operation, use, maintenance, management and other costs, and even parts damage, resulting in the damage of related other parts and causing accidents. The main factors affecting the development of service wear are: equipment quality, load level, technical level of operators, working environment, maintenance quality and cycle, etc.
在中空設備壽命期內，由于自然力量的作用或因保管不善而造成的銹蝕、老化、腐朽，甚至引起工作精度和工作能力的喪失，即稱為自然磨損。在閑置中容易失去正常的維護，因此設備閑置中的自然磨損比使用中更明顯。
During the service life of hollow equipment, the corrosion, aging and decay caused by natural forces or improper storage, and even the loss of working accuracy and working ability are called natural wear. It is easy to lose normal maintenance when the equipment is idle, so the natural wear and tear of the equipment during idle is more obvious than that during use.
中空玻璃設備有形磨損可分為三個階段：一階段為初期磨損階段(也稱磨合磨損階段)，是新設備或大修后設備在早期故障期的磨損狀態，這一階段磨損速度快，主要原因是零件粗糙表面在負載運轉中的快速磨損，低可靠度零件在負載下的迅速失效，安裝不良，操作人員對新使用設備不熟悉等。隨著粗糙表面被磨乎，失效零件被更換，安裝經過磨合調整，操作者逐漸熟悉設備，設備磨損速度逐漸減小。二階段為穩定磨損階段，磨損速度緩慢，設備處技術狀態。在這一階段里，應注意對設備的維護保養，采用正確的操作技術和使用規程，加強點檢，預防偶發故障劣化和故障惡化，盡量延長該階段的使用時間。三階段為劇烈磨損階段，當主要零部件的磨損程度已經達到正常使用限時，如繼續使用，磨損就會急劇上升，使中空玻璃設備精度、技術性能、生產效率明顯下降，故障率急劇上升。設備使用中應及時發現正常使用限，及時進行預防性維修，更換磨損零件，防止故障發生。
The visible wear of insulating glass equipment can be divided into three stages: the first stage is the initial wear stage (also known as running in wear stage), which is the wear state of new equipment or equipment after overhaul in the early failure period. The wear speed in this stage is fast, mainly due to the rapid wear of rough surfaces of parts during load operation, the rapid failure of parts with low reliability under load, poor installation, and the operator's unfamiliar with the new equipment. As the rough surface is worn, the invalid parts are replaced, and the installation is adjusted through running in, the operator is gradually familiar with the equipment, and the wear rate of the equipment is gradually reduced. The second stage is the stable wear stage, the wear speed is slow, and the equipment is in the technical state. In this stage, attention shall be paid to the maintenance of equipment, correct operation technology and use procedures shall be adopted, spot inspection shall be strengthened, accidental failure deterioration and failure deterioration shall be prevented, and the service time of this stage shall be extended as far as possible. The third stage is the severe wear stage. When the wear degree of the main parts has reached the normal use limit, if they continue to be used, the wear will rise sharply, which will significantly reduce the precision, technical performance and production efficiency of the insulating glass equipment, and the failure rate will rise sharply. During the use of the equipment, the normal service limit shall be found in time, preventive maintenance shall be carried out in time, and worn parts shall be replaced to prevent failure.
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